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1.The development and function of human mammary gland is regulated by steroid hormones.Estrogen has a master role in mammary growth and function, followed by specific actions of progesterone and androgens.The receptors for steroid hormones are located in only a proportion of mammary epithelial cells and their effects are largely mediated by autocrine and paracrine mechanisms by steroid induced growth factors and cytokines.Based on other species the effects of estrogen and progesterone in breast are considered.