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The late thrombosis and restenosis threat seriously to human health after implantation of vascular stent up to now. The integrated endothelial layer, which can maintain the vascular patency and sustain the balance of intravascular microenviroment, was considered to be the natural barrier of vascular. Therefore, a rapid induced endothelialization on stent surface is regarded as the key to solve the postoperative complications. In this work, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was used to promote endothelial cell adhesion, proliferation and migration. The different concentrations of VEGF were adopted. Firstly, the VEGF-loaded heparin-poly-l-lysine (Hep-PLL) nanoparticles were constructed by electrostatic interactions. The VEGF concentration was 0ng/mL, 50ng/mL, 200ng/mL, 350ng/mL and 500ng/mL, respectively. The VEGF-loaded nanoparticles were then immobilized onto dopamine-coated 316L SS to build a functional microenvironment surface. The results indicated that the VEGF-loaded nanoparticles were immobilized onto 316LSS surface successfully. The physical and chemical properties of the surface were detailedly characterized by the water contact angle assay, Alcian blue staining and toluidine blue O assay, and so on. The fluorescence staining and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to evaluate the adhesion behavior and morphology of platelets on the modified surfaces. The less platelet adhesion compared to the 316L SS surface revealed that the surfaces introduced the loaded-VEGF nanoparticles have a good blood compatibility. The fluorescent staining was used to evaluate the morphology of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, while the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to evaluate the activity of cells. The results disclosed that, the modified surface inhibited smooth muscle hyperplasia compared to 316L SS. Meanwhile, according to the endothelial cells adhesion, proliferation, migration and its biological activity, the functional microenvironment surface provided favorable endothelial regeneration. The optimal concentration of VEGF in Hep-PLL nanoparticles is 350ng/mL. This study demonstrates a potential application for cardiovascular contacting device.