【摘 要】
：
By issuing the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) in April 2009 it was targeted for the entire EU that in 2020 a minimum of 10% of the transport energy is supposed to come from renewable,sustainable sou
【机 构】
：
Business Development Manger, Scheme Manager for Renewable Energy agroVet Certification Austria
【出 处】
：
BIT`s 2nd Low Carbon Earth Summit-2012 2012第二届低碳科技大会
论文部分内容阅读
By issuing the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) in April 2009 it was targeted for the entire EU that in 2020 a minimum of 10% of the transport energy is supposed to come from renewable,sustainable sources.This RED also determines what the requirements are to recognize biomass/bioenergy as a sustainable biomass and explains about certification systems and their recognition.It had to be implemented by each EU Member State (MB) by 2010.Some MBs were implementing that RED completely into their national legislation already, others still work on final details and country specific directives.In 2008 Germany was the first MB which implemented their German Directive for biofuels and bioelectricity.At the same time some private initiatives were developed to prove RED compliance as well as compliance with e.g.the German Market.In 2011 the European Commission (EC) furthermore decided to approve several Certification Systems to be accepted in all MBs.Within these new EU initiatives the International Sustainability and Carbon Certification System (ISCC) became one of the first and also the leading System to prove compliance with RED, German Market and the EU.Besides ISCC also some other systems started to become recognized by the EC.Certifying producers and traders in all parts of the world means also to offer a reasonable range of Certification Standards as well as trying to use potential auditing and certification synergies.The presentation shall help to identify the relevant Standards, their acceptance and requirements.
其他文献
针对建设项目环境影响评价中有机废气污染物(VOCs)评价标准难以确定的几种情形,提出了有机废气污染物(VOCs)评价标准确定的原则与方法,包括指标的选择及标准值的选取、计算,并进行了实例应用和讨论.
本文介绍了利用生物质直燃发电CFB锅炉过热器高温腐蚀的基本原理,简要分析了影响高温腐蚀的因素,并对工程上预防过热器高温腐蚀的措施进行了探讨.指出了燃生物质CF日锅炉高温腐蚀机理复杂多样，并且具有典型腐蚀温度区间、普遍性和持续性的特点。为了提高机组运行的安全性、稳定性和经济性，需要从机组参数选型、锅炉过热器设计、入炉燃料控制和运行调整等多方面综合考虑，有效控制高温腐蚀所带来的不利影响。
水电开发带来了巨大能源效益,但也阻碍了鱼类洄游,修建鱼道是有效的补偿措施之一.鱼道的设计与修建必须引入鱼类游泳特性等信息.然而运动疲劳对鱼类游泳特性的影响被研究者们所忽略.本文阐述了鱼类运动疲劳研究与鱼道设计的关系,运动疲劳研究不仅有利于为鱼道休息池设计提供参考,也有利于进行鱼类通过鱼道后的健康状况评估和生存能力评估,提高鱼道运行的实际作用.
本文研究了玉米吸收雾霾中的氮氧化合物经同化作用合成自身所需物质的相关代谢途径及基因表达情况,发现玉米杂种后代F1与亲本相比有6个基因在吸收NOX后的相关代谢途径中上调,杂种优势育种符合这一定向选择,可以提高植物,叶片表面积、叶面纤毛数量,提高氮代谢能力,对降低灰霾空气中对人体毒害大的NOX具有非常重要意义.
近年来随着我国经济快速发展,环境、相关的生态压力和人体健康风险等问题得到了广泛关注.目前已有大量学者致力于环境介质和人体样品中化学污染物的研究,相关论文和出版物数量亦在急剧增加.然而我国可用于化学污染物时间序列研究和回顾性分析的环境样品数据却较少.环境样品库是用于系统性收集和长期存储环境样品的系统,发达国家自1970s开始建立,并将其作为环境监测和科学研究的基本平台.如今,环境样品库的价值得到了越
In this presentation, the authors describe the design and development of an instrument that is employed to determine the gas sorption properties over a wide range of temperature and pressure.The metho
Temperatures above 100C at depths around 3 km have been observed in many oil and gas fields around the world.Wells with such temperature profiles can be used for production of geothermal energy, durin
The geothermal use of the subsoil can be a solution for the reduction of CO2 emissions and other greenhouse gases.Geothermal Energy is renewable and absolutely sustainable.Especially for heating and c
There is a resurgence of interest in hydropower as a result of the need for low carbon economies and growth in energy demand in rapidly developing countries.The rapid pace of hydropower development in
India, with 141 million hectares, has 9.1% of worlds arable land and 20% of worlds irrigated land.Likewise, India with 285 million cows/buffaloes, has18.5% of the worlds bovine population and is the l