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This contribution presents an overview of the use of chemical vapour deposition(CVD)and physical vapour deposition(PVD)for the manufacture of high quality structural and functional coatings onto steel.The scientific and technological significant of these methods will be discussed and reviewed.In addition,the emerging,innovative and cost-effective non vacuum aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition(AACVD)will be highlighted.AACVD is a variant of the CVD process.It has the capability to deposit high purity nanostructured thin and thick films onto steel well controlled structure and composition at molecular scale level and at low processing temperatures.The fundamental aspects of AACVD including process principle,deposition mechanism,reaction chemistry,kinetics,and mass transport phenomena will be presented.The relationships of the process/structure/property of the coatings manufactured by the AACVD based methods will be described.The microstructure and properties of the nanostructured materials produced by AACVD method will be described and compared with conventional CVD and PVD coating techniques.The use of the promising non vacuum deposition AACVD based technology for the creation of potential high value added steel products will be presented.The technical viability and the potential of the AACVD process to be scaled up or large area and large scale production will be presented.