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@@ This article is the first attempt to treat Chinese segmental processes with Government Phonology (KLV 1985; KLV 1985; Kaye 1990a, b). GP employs univalent elements in phonological representation and posits a set of government & licensing relations among such constituents as O(nset) and N(ucleus). Diminutive formation is the most theoretically interesting alternation of Mandarin, shedding much light on the nature and structure of its segment and syllable. In Ezhou 鄂州 and Tuanfeng团风 Mandarins (both Jianghuai Mandarin spoken in east Hubei), diminutives are realized as either suffixation (-a in Ezhou; ∣in Tuanfeng) or nuclear vowel change (ablaut). We find the element composition of last stem phoneme decides all.