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Vertical structures of aerosols from the ground to about 1000 m altitude in Beijing were measured with a balloon-borne optical particle counter.The results showed that, in hazy days, there were inversions at approximately 500-600 m, below which the particulate matters were well mixed vertically while the concentration of particles decreased sharply above the mixing layer.Electron microscopic observation of the particles collected with the balloon borne impactor indicate that the composition of particles are different according to weather conditions in the boundary mixing layer of Beijing city, and suggest that dust particles are always dominant in coarse mode particles.