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Previous neuroimaging data indicated that the dysfunction in cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical(CSTC)circuit contributed to the neuropathological mechanisms of obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD).Emerging evidence has suggested that the pathophysiology of OCD might involve widely distributed large-scale brain systems.The dysfunction within salience network,which is comprised of dorsal anterior cingulated cortex(dACC)and bilateral insular areas,has been proposed to contribute to OCD onset.The mechanism underlying salience network abnormality remains unclear and it is worthwhile to investigate its clinical relevance.In this study,twenty-eight unmedicated OCD adults and twenty-eight matched healthy controls were recruited for a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)study.The whole brain amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(ALFF)analysis was performed to examine the intrinsic cerebral activity of OCD.In addition,we conducted the voxel-based Pearsons correlative analysis to probe into the relationship between ALFF values and symptom severity for OCD patients.The results showed that OCD patients had increased ALFF measures in the left frontal pole and left OFC,also decreased ALFF in the right insula.Moreover,the right insular intrinsic activity was significantly correlated with total YBOCS scores(r=0.611,p=0.002)and compulsion scores(r=0.640,p=0.001)for OCD patients.Our findings consolidated that the salience network played an important role in the pathogenesis of OCD and the intensity of intrinsic brain activity in insula provided a predictive biomarker for OCD symptom severity.