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一、前言自从1958年美国发明了以纤维和砂粒为基本原料的绝热板以来,各国相继采用该项先进技术,从而陆续地取代了传统的以耐火砖(材料)衬砌的保温帽工艺,使钢锭头部的缩孔有较大程度的减少。但是,由于采用了绝热性能优越的绝热板后,钢锭顶部的散热量相对地增大了,如果顶部没有保温层,则散热量相当于钢锭总热损值的25～30％。由此可见,钢锭顶部的保温随着绝热板的采用而显得更为重要了。
I. INTRODUCTION Since the United States invented the insulation board based on fiber and sand as the basic raw materials in 1958, various countries have successively adopted the advanced technology to gradually replace the traditional thermal insulation cap technology with refractory bricks (materials) to make ingots Head shrinkage has a greater reduction. However, the amount of heat dissipation at the top of the ingot is relatively increased due to the use of a thermal insulation panel superior in thermal insulation. If there is no thermal insulation at the top, the amount of heat dissipation corresponds to 25 to 30% of the total heat loss of the ingot. Thus, the insulation at the top of the ingot becomes even more important with the use of insulation panels.