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Inflammatory damage plays an important role in cerebral ischemic pathogenesis and represents a new target for treatment of stroke.Shikonin has gained attention for its prominent anti-inflammatory property,but up to now little is known about shikonin treatment in acute ischemic stroke.The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential neuro-protective role of shikonin in cerebral ischemic injury,and investigate whether shikonin modulated inflammatory responses after stroke.Focal cerebral ischemia in male ICR mice was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion.Shikonin (10 and 25 mg/kg) was administered by gavage once a day for 3 days before surgery and another dosage after operation.