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[Objective] The aim of this study was to evaluate whether two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs),AFF1 rs340630 and AFF3 rs10865035,show significant evidence for association with SLE in a Chinese population.[Methods] A total of 868 Chinese patients with SLE and 975 geographically-and ethnically-matched healthy control subjects were enrolled in the current study.The genotypes of these two SNPs were determined by Sequenom MassArray technology.[Results] Significant evidence for association of AFF3 rs10865035 with SLE was detected (for A versus G,p =4.81 × 10-4,odds ratio (OR) 1.26,95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.11-1.44).However,no association between AFF1 rs340630 and SLE was found in the Chinese population (for A versus G,p =0.79,OR 0.98,95% CI 0.86-1.12).No significant evidence for association of AFF3 rs10865035 polymorphism with any clinical features was detected.[Conclusion] By targeting a variant with convincing evidence for association with RA,significant association of AFF3 rs10865035 with SLE was detected in the Chinese population,indicating AFF3 might be a common autoimmunity gene.Further case-control studies based on larger sample sizes in diverse ethnic populations are required to clarify the role of AFF1 rs340630 in SLE.