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A potential ultraviolet(UV)nonlinear optical(NLO)material,K3B3O4(OH)4·2H2O,was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal methods.The compound crystallizes into the Cmc21 space group and exhibits isolated [B3O4(OH)4]3-anion groups connected by O-H…O hydrogen bonds.The UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrum shows that K3B3O4(OH)4·2H2O has a wide transparency range with an absorption edge below 190 nm.Powder second harmonic generation(SHG)measurements using 1064 nm radiation revealed a moderate efficiency,0.8 × KDP.Additional particle size vs SHG efficiency measurements indicate that K3B3O4(OH)4·2H2O is type I phase-matchable.Our calculated results show that the borate groups as well as the waters of hydration determine the NLO properties of K3B3O4(OH)4·2H2O.