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Inocybe is a cosmopolitan genus comprising 500~700 described species.Due to the large number of species and the rich variation in species level, it is considered difficult to identify by most of the taxonomist.A phylogenetic classification of Inocybaceae was given by Matheny in 2009, however, East Asia was less sampled.To enrich the phylogenetic knowledge of Inocye, a three-year research has been conducted.The representative Chinese materials were sequenced and were participated in the phylogenetic analysis.Four loci, ITS, nrLSU, rpb2 and tef1 were used in the study.The monophyly of Inocybe was reconfirmed by our study, wood inhabiting genera, Crepidotus, Simocybe and Pleuroflammula were sister group to Inocybe.However, Cortinarius and Hebeloma, which considered to be more closely related with, nested far away in the phylogenetic tree.For the materials from China,certain species do cluster with the European or North American materials, however, some do not.A number of morphological species could not be supported by molecular analysis, which implicates that the existence of cryptic taxa.A molecular tool is necessary for Inocybe taxonomy.