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GInR is the global regulator controlling the nitrogen metabolism pathways in actinomycetes,which acts as either an activator or a repressor for the transcription of its target genes.So far, the GInR binding consensus sequences have been widely studied in some model actinomycetes, which are comprised of 2×22-bp GInR binding box ("5-nt a site-n6-5-nt b site-n6") in most cases in Streptomyces coelicolor and Mycobacterium smegmatis.However,the structure-functional aspects of the consensus sequences are complicated, e.g.they may consist of either 3×22-bp GInR binding box as in the amtB promoter or double a-sites as in the promoters of nasA and SCO5163 in S.