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A phosphate nanoporous microparticles was successfully used in preparation of cellulose acetate composite fibers.This composite was produced to fibers through solution spinning.The resulting composite fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Also the composite fibers were produced to cigarette filters by rod making process.SEM results showed that the phosphate nanoporous microparticles were well dispersed on the surface of cellulose acetate composite fibers.The results of smoke analysis showed that the composite fibers had an optimal filtration effect on the tar and nicotine in cigarette smoke.Compared with pure cellulose acetate fibers filter,the cellulose acetate composite fiber filters had a strongly selective filtration effect.