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Background Monocytes and macrophages in the atherosclerotic plaque lead to plaque instability.The aim of the study is to investigate if the plaque neovascularization lead to inflammation.Methods The patients were consecutively enrolled if the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was >2 mm by duplex ultrasound.The patients then underwent both dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI),contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging (SEUS) and 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET).Target-background ratio (TBR) ≥1.25 or < 1.25 served as the cutoff point of inflammatory or non inflammatory.