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Intrathoracic meningocele is a very rare disease in clinic.It is easy to be misdiagnosed as other diseases.Without correctly treatment, it is easy to be complicated with meningitis or cerebrospinal fluid fistula.It often coincides with kyphoscoliosis and neurofibromatosis type 1.So the possible pathogenesis is that the change of gene NF-1 leads to all of the symptoms of kyphoscoliosis, neurofibromatosis type 1 and intrathoracic meningocele.That is to say, intrathoracic meningocele is just one symptom of neurofibromatosis type 1.