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Tumor necrosis factor α induced protein-8 like-2(TIPE2)is a very recently identified immune homeostasis maintaining gene.We wondered whether TIPE2 is associated with Renal cell carcinoma(RCC).We examined the mRNA expression levels of TIPE2 and myxoma resistance protein(MX)1(one of type Ⅰ interferon inducible genes)in renal cancer tissue.35 patients fulfilling the RCC criteria of WHO revised in 2004 and 26 renal contusion patients requiring surgical extraction as controls were enrolled.Tumor tissue and normal renal tissue were sampled from all the subjects through surgical operation.Total RNA was extracted and the expression of TIPE2 and MX1 gene was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis(RT-PCR).The TIPE2 mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in RCC patients compared with controls(P=0.001),while the MX1 mRNA expression was decreased in RCC patients compared with controls(P=0.001).Furthermore,the TIPE2 mRNA expression levels positively correlate with TNM staging(r=0.803,P=0.001)and show a negative correlation with the MX1 mRNA expression levels(r=-0.763,P=0.001)in RCC patients.These results indicate that increased expression of TIPE2 gene is closely associated with RCC and suggest an important role for TIPE2 gcne in the pathogenesis of RCC.