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OBJECTIVE To study the protective effect that low-molecular-weight heparin on the brain of endotoxin shock rats and its mechanism.METHODS 18 wister rats, were randomly divided into control group, LPS model group, low-molecular-weight heparin group.Through changes in blood pressure, the results of biochemical indicators of pathology biopsy test and the electron microscope to study the protective effect that low-molecular-weight heparin on the brain of endotoxin shock rats.RESULTS Blood pressure of LMWH group enters a state of compensatory as same as LPS model group after the injection of LPS at early state, but blood pressure of LMWH group dropped unobviously.The activity of SOD in the liver and kidney of LMWH group is significantly higher than the model group's.Meanwhile, the content of MDA and NO is significantly lower than LPS model group's, as well as the activity of AKP, LDH and NOS.CONCLUSION Low molecular weight heparin on endotoxin shock in rat brain has a protective effect, may enhance the activity of SOD and reduce body peroxidation, thereby reducing the MDA content, but also may reduce the NOS activity, thereby reducing the NO free radicals production, but also may reduce the vitality of the LDH and AKP on the body.