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To assess the relationship between oxysterols and mild cognitive impairment (MCI)in elders in China, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test were used to classfy the subjects into two groups.27-hydroxycholesterol and 24-hydroxycholesterol level in plasma were mesured by High performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.A total of 90 patients who completed all examinations were assigned to the MCI group (30patients) or thecontrol group (60 patients).The average 27-OHC level in plasma was75.483±28.375in MCI group and61.502±30.391 in the controlgroup (P =0.038).The average 24-OHC level in plasma was21.896±13.156in MCI group and41.917±49.850 in the controlgroup (P=0.016).Our findings suggest a direct association between 27-OHC and cognition.24-OHC has a protective effect on this MCI subtype