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在铁路牵引动力中,电力机车具有其他机车无可比拟的优势,中国从1930年代开始运用。1958年,中国研制出第一台电力机车。1961年,中国第一条电气化铁路宝凤线(宝成铁路宝鸡至凤州段,93km)建成通车。到1978年,中国铁路电气化里程达到1033km。电力机车保有量210台左右。经过20多年的初创阶段,到1980年初,中国铁路电气化和电力机车技术得到了迅速发展,到1988年中国铁路电气化里程5737正线km,电力机车保有量1224台,完成运量的13.4%。据统计到1997年末,中国电气化铁路已经达到11637.7正线km(不含香港34km和台湾498km),电力机车保有量2870台,完成运量的27%左右。
Among railway traction power, electric locomotives have the unparalleled advantages of other locomotives. China started to use it from the 1930s. In 1958, China developed the first electric locomotive. In 1961, Bao Feng Line, the first electrified railway in China (Baoji-Fengji section of Baocheng Railway, 93km) was opened to traffic. By 1978, China’s railway electrification mileage reached 1033km. Electric locomotive holdings of 210 units. After 20 years of initial stage, by the early 1980s, the railway electrification and electric locomotive technology in China had been rapidly developed. By 1988, the railway electrification mileage in China 5737 was km and the number of electric locomotives was 1224 units, accounting for 13.4% of the total capacity. According to statistics, by the end of 1997, China’s electrified railway has reached 11637.7 km2 (excluding Hong Kong 34km and Taiwan 498km) and 2870 electric locomotives, accounting for about 27% of the total capacity.