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Planktonic fungi have long been known to exist in the ocean and have recently been shown to play important roles in ocean carbon cycling.However,determination of the biomass of planktonic fungi remains a challenging task.In this study,we demonstrated the applicability of an ergosterol-based method for biomass estimation of planktonic fungi.Our results indicated that total ergosterol content displayed a strong correlation with marine fungal dry biomass(r2 =0.93).The conversion factor displayed little variations for different fungal species at different growthtemperature under different nutrient conditions.