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1958年9月24日,中国第一枚近代火箭——两级探空火箭“北京二号”在中国东北发射成功。中国是火箭的故乡,这是世界公认的,但这是指原始的固体推进剂火箭。据历史记载,早在宋朝就将火箭作为武器用于战争,在明朝也曾有人试验过用火箭载人飞行,但没有成功。中国第一枚近代火箭的产生却是40年前(1958年)的事,它是由北京航空学院(现北京航空航天大学,简称北航)师生员工研制并发射成功的,火箭命名为“北京二号”。我们称“北京二号”(代号BJ-2)是近代火箭以区别于古代原始火箭,但它不如现代火箭精致、高精度和高性能,而它的结构和组成已与现代火箭基本一样了,而且“北京二号”中的液体推进剂火箭是中国前所未有的。
September 24, 1958, China’s first modern rocket - two sounding rocket “Beijing II ” launched in northeast China. China is the rocket’s hometown, which is universally acknowledged, but this refers to the original solid propellant rockets. According to historical records, as early as the Song Dynasty, rockets were used as weapons in the war, and manned rocket-manned flights had also been tested in the Ming Dynasty but were unsuccessful. The first modern rocket generation in China was 40 years ago (1958), which was successfully developed and launched by staff and students of Beijing Aviation College (now Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics). The rocket named “ Beijing on the 2nd ”. We call “Beijing II ” (code BJ-2) is a modern rocket to distinguish it from the ancient primitive rocket, but it is not as sophisticated, high precision and high performance as the modern rocket, and its structure and composition are basically the same as the modern rocket And, and the liquid propellant rockets in “Beijing II” are unprecedented in China.