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There is a wealth ofpreclinical and clinical data showing the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of cell therapy in patients with cardiovascular disease.However, stem cell delivery remains a major challenge in the development of cardiac stem cell therapy strategies.Since 2008 there are three ongoing clinical trials in Latvia: transplantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells for patients with acute myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure and diabetes mellitus using intracoronary delivery or injections in branches of splenic artery during balloon angioplasty.