Cholinergic neurons project throughout the nervous system and activate nicotinic receptors to modulate synaptic function in ways that shape higher order brain function.
Objective Subcortical ischemic vascular dementia(SIVD)caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion develops with progressive white matter and cognitive impairments,yet no effective therapy is available.
Sleep deprivation(SD)is a condition that is frequently observed in modern society bringing various neurobehavioral effects,responsible to adversely affect the quality of life.
Previously,we have reported that conventional protein kinase C(cPKC)γ was involved in the protective effect of mouse cerebral hypoxic preconditioning(HPC).
While a growing body of research suggest the mesocortical dopamine systems play a key role of decision making under risk,how the prefrontal cortex and its subareas are involved in the acquisition of t
Necroptosis is a novel cell death pathway and Glutamate-ammonia ligase(GLUL)and glutamate dehydrogenase-1(GLUD1)enzymes have vital functions in this type of cell death.
Striatal adenosine A2A receptors(A2ARs)modulate striatal synaptic plasticity and instrumental learning,possibly by functional interactions with the dopamine D2 receptor(D2R)and metabotropic glutamate