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Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a refractory fatal condition with no effective treatments other than heart transplantation.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can promote angiogenesis and heart function via paracrinal mechanisms.Previously, intracoronary and intramyocardial administration of MSCs has shown beneficial effects on DCM.Methods: A 10-year-old female DCM patient with NYHA class Ⅲ cardiac function and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at 41% was administered with allogenic umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs, 1.2 × 107 cells) via intramuscular injection, and assessed for 12 months after the treatment.Results: Significant improvements in cardiac function were observed in the 3-, 9-and 12-month follow-up assessments, in which her cardiac function was NYHA class Ⅱ, Ⅰ and normal.Echocardiography examinations showed LVEF increased to 50%, 57% and 61% respectively, and the left ventricular diameter (LDV) decreased from 6.1cm before the treatment to 5.2cm, 4.7cm and 4.4cm respectively.No major complications were reported after the treatment.Conclusion: The observations of this case report suggest that intramuscular injection of UC-MSCs may induce significant therapeutic effects on pediatric DCM as potential noninvasive approach.