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Cancer has been the most common cause of death in Korea since 1983.The prevalence and incidence of cancer is increasing rapidly (304.8/100,000, 2010).Korea has achieved dramatic economic development during the past several decades.Patterns of cancer prevalence have changed rapidly during the past three decades.This phenomenon is called the"Westernization of Cancer." The incidence rates of stomach, liver,and cervical cancers have decreased, but those of lung, breast,colon, thyroid, and prostate cancers have rapidly increased.Cancer survival rate has improved remarkably with changes in the socio-economic environment, development of cancer prevention and screening, and improvement of cancer treatment modalities (multidisciplinary multimodality approaches).