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Fungi cause a variety of serious nosocomial infections in immunocompromised-due to cancer,AIDS,surgery,age-patients.As a result,their resistance to antibiotics has profound clinical implications.Indeed Aspergillus-primarily,A.fumigatus-is on the IDSA target pathogen list.Only three antibiotic classes are currently in clinical use for fungal infections:amphotericin,echinocandins and azoles.All three classes have efficacy and toxicity drawbacks.Hence there is an urgent need to improve the existing antibiotic classes or introduce new classes altogether.Approaches towards achieving this include derivatization of echinocandins and azoles,potentiation by modulating resistance mechanisms targeting other fungal functions and importing insights from antiprotozoal and anticancer agents.These different approaches will be discussed and examples of each will be given.