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20世纪90年代以来,黄河下游山东段陆续建造了50余座浮桥。笔者经过对多数浮桥的实地调查,发现确实有部分浮桥对其下游河道河势变化具有一定影响。分析影响因素有浮桥布置(位置、轴线与水流的夹角、长度、宽度)、结构型式与承受荷载、河道水流流量(流速)、地质条件等。提出消除不利影响的对策,主要有加强浮桥建设的论证、审批,对建成浮桥实行年度审验并进行河势观测等。
Since the 1990s, over 50 pontoons have been built successively in the Shandong section of the lower reaches of the Yellow River. After the author of the majority of the pontoon field survey found that indeed part of the pontoon river downstream of the river changes have a certain impact. The influential factors are the layout of the pontoon (including the angle, length and width of the position, axis and water flow), the structure type and bearing load, the water flow (velocity) and the geological conditions of the river. Proposed to eliminate adverse effects of the countermeasures, mainly to strengthen the pontoon construction demonstration, approval, the implementation of the annual review of the implementation of the pontoon and river observation.