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Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes and prognosis of conservative treatment of appendiceal phlegmon or abscess(APA)in young children less than 3 years of age.Methods: The medical records of children with APA undergoing conservative treatment were reviewed between January 2007 and June 2014.There were 40 patients under 3 years of age in the young group and 156 children in the older group.Young children were divided into 3 sub-groups based on age and into 2 sub-groups based on the presence or absence of appendicoliths.Results: The success and recurrence rates of conservative treatment were 97.5%and 17.9%in young children,respectively.The hospital length of stay was 12.7 ± 5.0 days in the young group and 10.9 ± 4.8 days in the older group(P<.05).Fever was the most common symptom in young children,while pain was the most common symptom in older children(P<.05).The WBC counts and CRP levels were higher in the appendicolith sub-group than the no appendicolith sub-group(P<.05).The success and recurrence rates for each sub-group were similar whether or not the sub-groupings were based on age or the presence of appendicoliths during an average follow-up of 27.4 months.Conclusion: The success and recurrence rates of treating children with APA conservatively had no correlation with age and appendicoliths in young children.APA can be managed nonoperatively without interval appendectomy in children less than 3 years of age.