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Background Structural disruption of gut microbiota and associated inflammation are considered important etiological factors in high fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome (MS).As one gut microbiota-targeted approach,probiotics have been used to attenuate high fat diet (HFD)-induced MS in rodent models,and different strains exhibit varied functional effects on MS features.However,the effects of different probiotic strains on gut microbiota composition and the relationship between these modulating effects and improvements in host metabolic health is poorly understood.