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Previous studies demonstrated the possibility to realize fluid-drag reduction by proper biologically inspired surface texture design. The present work aimed to produce such surface textures efficiency for fluid-drag reduction by using electron beam processing technology, with an ultimate objective to apply this method for fluid-drag reduction in aircraft design. A Ti-6Al-4V alloy, which is typical titanium alloy served in aeronautical engineering, was employed for electron beam processing at present work. The as-resulted surface textures were then examined by using advanced optical microscopy for surface topography analysis, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy for near-surface microstructure observation, and Vikers microhardness tester for microhardness measurements in the near-surface region. It showed that the as-resulted non-smooth surface was characterized by parallel ridges and grooves, with height and intervals able to be customized by adjusting processing parameters. The ridges displayed continuous scales while the valley of grooves presented inverted V shape stripes. Their dimensions were also related to and could be controlled by processing parameters. Further, the near-surface region was occupied by fusion zone, heat affected zone and base metal from the outermost surface to the underlying bulk alloy. The microstructure of fusion zone was characterized by martensite phase. A heat affect zone was sandwiched between fusion zone and the underlying base metal, with different microstructural features compared to both fusion zone and the base metal. With respect to mechanical properties, the fusion zone and heat affect zone possessed higher micro-hardness compared with base metal. Additionally, a maximum hardness value was appeared at the interface between fusion zone and heat affected zone.