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Background: Interleukin 6 (IL-6) plays an important role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of neonatal sepsis.IL-6 through janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling lead to acute-phase genes induction.The JAK-STAT pathway also activates its own negative regulators,suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 3.SOCS3 proteins are inducible inhibitors that negatively regulate STAT3 signaling pathways induced by IL-6.Here we aimed to explore the SOCS3 expression and regulation of STAT3 pathways induced by IL-6 in neonatal and adult macrophages.