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Histamine,4-(2-aminoehtyl)imidazol,is a primary amine extensively found in fermented and protein-rich foods.The most frequent food-borne intoxications caused by biogenic amines involve histamine,which has led to a increasing demand for rapid,simple and specific histamine analytical methods.In this study,several novel haptens for histamine were designed and synthesized to prepare affinity desired antibodies against histamine,but none of the obtained antisera against these haptens exhibited enough binding affinity to histamine and were not suitable to be used to constitute enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)for direct determination of histamine in foods.However,a antiserum were found containing antibodies showing high specificity and affinity to a histamine derivatives,p-nitro benzoylated histamine(NPHA)which can be easily formed from the reaction between histamine and p-nitro benzoic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester(PNBA-OSu)under mild condition.Based on this polyclonal antibody,a competitive indirect ELISA(ci-ELISA)for histamine determination in foods by detecting NPHA derived from a novel chemical derivatization of histamine with simplicity and rapidity was developed.After the optimization of ELISA and derivatization conditions,the assay showed enough sensitivity,with limits of detection(LOD)of 1.8 mg/kg,93.6 μg/L and 93.6 μg/kg in fish,red wine and yoghurt,respectively,and high specificity for histamine with negligible cross-reactivities with some related biogenic amines and amino acids.The average recoveries of histamine in fortified food samples were tested from 80.9%to 110.1%with coefficients of variation(CV)below 16.3%.A satisfactory correlation was observed between the results of the ci-ELISA analysis of spiked food samples and blind samples and that of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).