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The biomass energy has been paid much attention for the energy crisis and environmental pollution caused by the utilization of fossil fuels, and it is a form of renewable energy which does not add carbon dioxide to the atmospheric environment.Rice straw is a major by-product of rice plants, which contains a high amount of organic constituents and possesses a high-energy content, so it is recognized as a potential source of renewable energy on the basis of energy recovery and environmental protection.Pyrolysis is an important conversion technology for energy utilization, and it can convert biomasses into liquids and solids.In the pyrolysis process, the selection of heat carrier is a critical topic because the heat carrier impacts the mass transfer and heat transfer of pyrolysis.The molten salt has a high heat capacity, so it can be used in pyrolysis process.In this paper, a series of pyrolysis oils and chars were produced from rice straw by the lab-scale fast pyrolysis system using the mixed molten salt of KCl(36mol%)-LiCl(55mol%)-NaCl system.The effect of process parameters such as pyrolysis temperature, flow rate of carrier gas on the pyrolysis product yields and their chemical compositions was examined.