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Objects: To report the clinical and pathological features of chronic graft-versus-host disease-related polymyositis.Materials and Methods: A 40 year-old woman who underwent allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation because of acute granulocytic-monocytic leukemia.14 months later she manifested as progressive muscle weakness and myalgia in all limbs.Serum creatine kinase level was between426-1948IU/L.Myositis antibody EJ was strongly positive.Electromyogram showed a neurogenic impairment.Muscle biopsies were carried out in the left biceps brechii.The muscle sections were processed with standard myopathological and immunohistochemical workup.The first antibodies were mouse anti-CD8, anti-CD20, anti-CD68 and anti MHC-lmonoclonal antibodies.Results: The muscle biopsy showed large variation of fiber size, with muscle fiber necrosis, regeneration.Some angular fibers distributed in small cluster.The inflammatory cells infiltrate around the small vessel or in the endomysium, mainly CD8 positive T-lymphocytes and CD68 positive macrophages.The most muscle fibers were MHC-Ⅰ positive.Conclusions: The graft-versus-host disease-related polymyositis manifested as chronic myositis process withneurogenic lesions.