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无论是在体外实验还是在体内实验,骨髓间充质干细胞(Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)都可以向中枢神经系统(CNS)神经细胞分化,但争议颇多。因为功能性神经元不仅要具有典型神经元的形态、特异性标记,还要求具有可兴奋性、能和其他神经元形成突触联系、产生突触电位等,所以对骨髓间充质干细胞是否能诱导出真正具有功能的神经元存在很大分歧。在此对BMSCs向神经细胞诱导分化研究的现状、存在的问题及发展前景给予综述。
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into central nervous system (CNS) neurons, both in vitro and in vivo. However, there are many controversies. Because functional neurons not only have the morphological and specific markers of typical neurons, they also require excitability, synaptic connection with other neurons, synaptic potential, and the like, whether or not they function on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells There is a big difference between inducing truly functional neurons. The current situation, existing problems and future development of BMSCs differentiation into neural cells are reviewed.