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目的通过对烧伤就诊患者的回顾性调查,找出不同年龄段、不同职业人员烧伤的分布规律,为防止烧伤的发生提供科学依据。方法将5237例就诊的患者根据年龄、致伤原因、职业特点分别进行分组,分析各组患者的例数和分布特点。结果在5237例烧伤患者中,男3185例,女2052例,男女比例为1.55∶1。10岁以前学龄前儿童烧伤的发生比例高于其他组,共发生1002例,发生比例占烧伤总数的19.1%;其次为31~40岁年龄组,发生923例,发生比例占烧伤总数的17.7%。致伤原因以热液烫伤比例最高,发生1 837例,发生比例占35.1%;其次为火焰烧伤1659例,发生比例31.4%;电烧伤(670例,发生比例12.8%)。烧伤职业分布以城镇居民所占比例最大,发生比例2944,发生率占56.3%;且发生在生活场所多于发生在工作场所。结论学龄前儿童和暴露于危险因素的31~40岁人群是烧伤的高发人群,热液烫伤是烧伤的主要原因。
Objective To investigate the distribution of burn in different age groups and different occupations through a retrospective survey of burn patients and provide a scientific basis for preventing the occurrence of burns. Methods A total of 5,237 patients were divided into groups based on their age, cause of injury and occupational characteristics. The number of cases and distribution characteristics of each group were analyzed. Results In 5237 cases of burn patients, there were 3185 males and 2052 females, the ratio of males to females was 1.55: 1. The incidence of pre-school children with burn before the age of 10 was higher than that of the other groups, with a total of 1002 cases, accounting for 19.1 %; Followed by the age group of 31 to 40 years old, 923 cases occurred, accounting for 17.7% of the total number of burns. The cause of the injury was the highest rate of hydrothermal scald, with 1837 cases occurring, accounting for 35.1%; followed by 1659 cases of flame burns, accounting for 31.4%; and electric burns (670 cases, 12.8%). The occupational distribution of burn occupies the largest proportion of urban residents, with a proportion of 2944, accounting for 56.3% of the total; and occurring in places of living more than those occurring in the workplace. Conclusions Preschoolers and 31- 40-year-olds who are exposed to risk factors are the high risk of burns. Hydrothermal burns are the main cause of burns.