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目的探讨中国南京地区汉族人群血清类粘蛋白（ｏｒｏｓｏｍｕｃｏｉｄ，ＯＲＭ）的遗传多态性，为研究弱碱性药物血浆蛋白结合率的个体差异提供背景资料。方法采用超薄层聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦电泳、免疫印迹技术，对２２０名无血缘关系个体去唾液酸的血清ＯＲＭ表现型进行了研究，并获取其基因频率数据。结果ＯＲＭ１座位的３个复等位基因（ＯＲＭ１＊Ｆ１、ＯＲＭ１＊Ｆ２和ＯＲＭ１＊Ｓ）控制着ＯＲＭ１的５种表现型，其中ＯＲＭ１Ｆ１占４７．２７％，ＯＲＭ１Ｓ占５．４６％，ＯＲＭ１Ｆ１Ｆ２占３．１８％，ＯＲＭ１Ｆ１Ｓ占４３．６４％，ＯＲＭ１Ｆ２Ｓ占０．４５％。据此求得基因频率ＯＲＭ１＊Ｆ１为０．７０６８，ＯＲＭ１＊Ｆ２为０．０１８２，ＯＲＭ１＊Ｓ为０．２７５０。该座位多态分布符合Ｈａｒｄｙ－Ｗｅｉｎｂｅｒｇ平衡定律。全部检出了由ＯＲＭ２＊Ａ基因控制的ＯＲＭ２Ａ型。结论南京地区汉族人群ＯＲＭ１座位具有遗传多态性，而ＯＲＭ２座位不具遗传多态性。
Objective To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of orosomucoid (ORM) in Han population in Nanjing, China, and to provide background information for studying the individual differences of plasma protein binding rate of weakly basic drugs. Methods The serum ORM phenotypes of asialo sialic acid in 220 unrelated individuals were studied by isoelectric focusing electrophoresis and immunoblotting using ultrathin layer polyacrylamide gel. The gene frequency data were obtained. RESULTS: The three alleles of ORM1 (ORM1 * F1, ORM1 * F2 and ORM1 * S) controlled five phenotypes of ORM1, of which ORM1F1 accounted for 47.27%, ORM1S accounted for 5.46% and ORM1F1F2 accounted for 3 .18%, ORM1F1S accounted for 43.64%, ORM1F2S accounted for 0.45%. Therefore, the frequency of ORM1 * F1 was 0.7068, ORM1 * F2 was 0.0182, and ORM1 * S was 0.2750. The polymorphic distribution of the seat conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law. All ORM2A types controlled by the ORM2 * A gene were detected. Conclusion ORM1 loci in Nanjing Han population have genetic polymorphism, while ORM2 loci do not have genetic polymorphism.