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All-solid-state thin film lithium battery (TFB) is a thinned lithium battery (less 20 μ m) with solid-state electrolyte rather than liquid electrolyte.It has many potential advantages in that it offers very thin form, shape flexibility, lightness, innoxiousness, no corrosion, safety, high energy density, good cycle performance and withstands high temperature and high pressure, which differ considerably from the traditional coin-, cylindrical-or prismatic-type cell configurations.It could be used in smart cards, sensors and MEMS systems.Thin film electrode is one of key components for TFB, which plays a crucial role to the property of a battery.Thin film electrode could significantly reduce the transportation and diffusion length of ions and electrons, which could enhance the lithium storage kinetics remarkably.Besides, due to their large specific surface and existence of numerous crystal boundaries, thin film electrode could take up and storage lithium ions quickly without destroying their structures.Thus, thin-film electrodes exhibit new electrochemical features based on nanometer-size effects and chemical composition.Some of the electrochemical reaction processes could only happen in thin film electrode but not in their bulk one.The lithium electrochemistry of thin film electrodes based on different lithium-storage mechanisms involve intercalation/deintercalation reactions, conversion reactions, alloy-dealloying reactions and interface storage reactions, all of which are highlighted in this report.We summarily discussed the many more choices of materials that might serve as the positive and negative thin-film electrodes for thin-film battery components.