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To build an energy and material secure future, the next generation of renewable fuels produced from lignocellulosic biomass is required.Ethanol production from lignocelluloses is a promising alternative liquid biofuel for sustainable energy supply.The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an efficient fermentation microorganism for ethanol production, due to its high ethanol productivity, high tolerance to toxic compounds, and robust growth.However,for the lignocellulosic materials conversion, S.cerevisiae has several limitations.First, it cannot metabolize the second abundant monosaccharide xylose, beside, its tolerance to the toxic compounds from the hydrolysate of lignocellulosic materials is low, in addition, it doesnt produce any cellulases.These limitations largely decrease the efficiency of ethanol production.To overcome these limitations, severai strategies have been performed in our study.We first introduced several xylose metabolism pathways in S.cerevisiae, and through endogenous genes over-expression and adaptive evolution, the high efficiency xylose metabolism strains were obtained.We also improve the tolerance of the industrial strains to hydrolysate of lignocellulosic materials through adaptive evolution.Our strategies provide novel recombinant S.cerevisiae for lignocelluloses ethanol production.