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Objective To investigate the effect of telbivudine on peripheral blood CD4+ CD25+ CD127+ T cells and CD8+ CD25+ T cells and its significance in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods:Nineteen HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B patients were recruited and received telbivudine treatment.Before and after the 3 or 6 months Of treatment,flow cytometry was used to dectect the proportion of peripheral blood Tregs.Rusults The proportion of peripheral blood Tregs in patients with CHB was significantly higher than that in healthy controls and decreased over 3 or 6 months of telbivudine treatment to a level comparable to that of the healthy controls.