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Decompensated cirrhosis from hepatitis C (genotype 1) is the leading indication for liver transplantation in the United States accounting for approximately 50% of all liver transplants.Unfortunately,recurrent HCV is universal after LT and leads to cirrhosis in approximately 30% of patients after 5 years.Once cirrhosis develops,the risk of hepatic decompensation is 42% per year which has led to recurrent HCV emerging as an important yet controversial indication for liver retransplantation and renewed interest in the role of interferon-based therapies.