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Objective To investigate the influence of acpuncture on free calcium in rat brain cells after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion.Methods Twenty eight adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control,simple ischemia reperfusion group and acupuncture with ischemia reperfusion group.The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat model was established by the modified Longa occlusion method.Focal cerebral ischemia model of rats were made by thread locking up the blood vessel for 15 rain.Thirty minutes after reperfusion,the Baihui and Shuigou Point in Du meridian was acupunctured electrically for 30 min.After 1 d,3 d or 7 d,the rat was killed and its brain cells were made into single cell suspension,the marked by Fluo-3/AM.The fluorescence optical density was recorded by laser confocal microscopy.Results Free calcium in rats of acupuncture therapy group was significantly less than that in control group in 1 d and 3 d after reperfusion (P < 0.05).No difference of free calcium was detected in 7 d after reperfusion between the two groups.Conclusion Acupunture could decrease the concentration of free calcium in rat brain cells after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion.