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Natural Resource Statement of Assets and Liabilities can be regarded as a "snapshot" that an ecological responsible subject takes to the value of the natural resource assets that it owns and the ecological environmental responsibilities that it bears at a special time.First,by using "Driving Forces-Pressure -State-Impact-Response" chain theory model,System of Integrated Environment and Economic Accounting (SEEA2012),the System of National Accounts (SNA2008) as the theoretical bases,this essay constructs a theoretical framework for the Natural Resource Statement of Assets and Liabilities; then,by using the preparation methods and technical means of National Statement of Assets and Liabilities,the essay constructs the Natural Resource Statement of Assets and Liabilities with natural resource assets,natural resource liabilities and natural resource net assets as the three elements,so as to reflect the "strength" of the natural resource environment; finally,the essay puts forward a series of auxiliary measures of policies,such as promoting the reform of natural resource administrative management,establishing and improving the of natural resource ledger system,establishing the natural resource operating right trading market,and issuing the natural resource measuring and accounting criterion system,etc.