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Bronchial pulmonary artery fistula is rare in clinical work.It is a kind of pulmonary vascular disease that could be caused by congenital dysplasia.It could also occur secondary to inflammation and tumor.Hemoptysis is typically the first sign of this disease, sometimes accompanied by palpitation,chest congestion, and thoracalgia.One patient with massive hemoptysis caused by bronchial pulmonary artery fistula was treated in the Department of the Thoracic Surgery of Tianjin Chest Hospital on December 2011.This patient turned the corner after receiving active treatment.A report of nursing experience related to this patient was given.This patient was male and was 53 years old.He underwent lobectomy of upper and middle lobes of the right lung after being diagnosed with lung cancer for 10 months.Hemoptysis stopped one month ago.Its manifestation was blood or blood-stained sputum with a volume of 5 to 20 mL every time.Massive hemoptysis appeared on the day he visited the hospital.The patient coughed about100 mL of blood, with palpitation and chest congestion.This patient was settled in a quiet ward, positioned sideways on the right, and assisted to clear hematocele in his respiratorytract.The patient was given continuous oxygen uptake, and ECG was continuously monitored to observe dynamic changes of heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and temperature.Another nurse managed to get at least two intravenous access quickly, and provided hemostatic, expectorant, and antibiotic treatments.The subsequent nurse observed for signs ofhypervolemia and adverse drug reactions.Once the nurse observed any of the abovementioned signs, a report was immediately delivered to the doctor.The patient was assisted during effective coughing and posturaldrainage to promote sputum drainage, which could help prevent asphyxia and aspiration pneumonia.The patient was provided a clean and quiet environment to reduce negative mood stimulation.Bland diet and increased intake of vitamins were advised while maintaining unobstructed stool to prevent hemoptysis caused by excessively forceful defecation.Providing psychological nursing for the patient is also important.The disease was explicitly explained to the patient and his family,which contributed to the relieving of tension and encouraged cooperation with the treatment.The symptom of hemoptysis disappeared on the fourth day of the treatment period.As the condition of the patient became stable, pneumoangiography was performed.The patient was diagnosed with bronchial pulmonary artery fistula of pulmodexter.The related symptom did not reappear in the following two days, so he was discharged from the hospital, The patient was advised to refrain from acute movement or coughing.He was advised to keep his bowel movements normal and to prevent respiratorytractinfection after discharge from the hospital.In addition, regular monitoring of his condition should be done and check up with a doctor should be performed as soon as any symptom or hemoptysis appears.In conclusion, hemoptysis is a kind of dangerous complication of bronchial pulmonary artery fistula.Comprehensive and effective nursing are not only important components of therapy, but are also good foundations for subsequent treatment.