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本文首先介绍了铲运机工作机构的研究现状。铲运机是一种能完成铲装一运输一卸载三种作业的一机多能的联合设备,其工作机构由两大部分组成:动臂升降机构和转斗机构。由于工作机构是组成铲运机的关键部件之一,其设计水平的高低对其性能以及整机的工作效率和经济指标有着直接的影响,从而本文又对铲运机工作机构的设计进行了阐述。传统铲运机工作机构设计采用类比法和作图法,工作繁琐,设计精度低、周期长,不易获得各项指标都满意的设计方案;近年来出现并迅速发展的集优化设计、可靠性设计、有限元分析、动态设计及CAD等于一体的现代设计方法学,已经应用于铲运机工作机构设计。最后作者提出了铲运机工作机构的设计前景,即在总结国内外对装载机械研究的基础上,对铲运机工作状况进行分析,制定工作机构合理的运动规律,建立铲运机工作机构三维实体造型和多功能CAD系统。
This paper first introduces the research status of the scraper working mechanism. Scraper is a kind of multi-energy combined equipment that can complete three kinds of operations: shovel loading, transporting and unloading. Its working mechanism consists of two parts: the boom lifting mechanism and the turning bucket mechanism. Because the work organization is one of the key components of the scraper, the level of its design has a direct impact on its performance, as well as the work efficiency and economic indicators of the whole machine. Therefore, the design of the scraper working mechanism is described in this paper. . The design of the traditional scraper working mechanism adopts the analog method and the drawing method. It is cumbersome to work, the design precision is low, and the cycle is long. It is not easy to obtain a satisfactory design scheme for all indicators; in recent years, rapid optimization and design have emerged. The modern design methodologies of finite element analysis, dynamic design and CAD equalization have been applied to the design of scraper working mechanisms. Finally, the author puts forward the design prospect of the scraper’s working mechanism, that is, summarizing the working conditions of the scraper on the basis of summarizing the research on the loading machinery at home and abroad, formulating a reasonable movement law of the working mechanism, and establishing a three-dimensional mechanism of the scraper. Solid modeling and multi-functional CAD system.