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Endometritis is a common disease in animal production, and influencing the breeding all over the world.Berberine is one of the main alkaloids isolated from Rhizoma coptidis.Previous reports showed that berberine has the potential of anti-inflammatory.However, the anti-inflammatory effects of berberine in a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endometritis and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated.The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of berberine on LPS-induced mouse endometritis.Berberine was administered intraperitoneally at l h before and 12h after induction of LPS.The results show that berberine significantly attenuates the infiltration of neutrophils, suppresses myeloperoxidase activity and decreases the production of NO, TNF-αand IL-1 β.Furthermore, berberine inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 subunit and the degradation of its inhibitor IκBα.These findings suggest that berberine exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced mouse endometritis and might be a potential therapeutic agent for endometritis.