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The bitter tastant chloroquine activates bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) and signaling through G protein subtype Gβγ to increase intracellular Ca2+ in airway muscle cells,and this Ca2+ increase results in relaxation of either resting or precontracted airway muscle.Such relaxation is partially mediated by high-conductance K+ channels (Nature Medicine,2010,16,P1299-1304).