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The biomass-density relationship (whereby the biomass of individual plants decreases as plant density increases) has generally been explained by competition for resources.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are able to affect plant interactions by mediating resource utilization,but whether this AMF-mediated interaction will change the biomass-density relationship is unclear.We conducted an experiment to test the hypothesis that AMF will shift the biomass-density relationship by affecting intraspecific competition.Four population densities (10, 100, 1000, or 10000 seedlings per m2) of Medicago sativa L.were planted in field plots.Water application (1435 or 327.7 mm per year) simulated precipitation in wet areas (sufficient water) and arid areas (insufficient water).