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Objectives: To compare the effects ofretroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (RLU) and transurethral ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy (URL) in the treatment of upper ureteral calculi.Method:We analyzed 331 patients with upper ureteral calculi from 2009-03 to 2011-06.134 patients were treated with RLU,and 197 with URL.